TMJ Disorder

Introduction

Anatomy

Causes

There are several causes or combinations of causes of TMJ disorder.  Stress that causes teeth grinding or jaw clenching, poor posture, jaw structure abnormalities, injury, arthritis, and dental problems, such as misaligned teeth or problem bite patterns may contribute to TMJ disorder. 

Symptoms

A main symptom of TMJ disorder is pain or tenderness at the TMJ in front of each ear.  Dull aching pain may spread to your face.  You may have an earache or headache.  Your pain may increase when you move your jaw.  It may be difficult to open and close your mouth, and your jaw may lock at times.   A clicking noise may be heard during motion.

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

You may be able to prevent TMJ disorder by:
• Practicing relaxation techniques.  Therapy or biofeedback may help as well.
• Maintain good shoulder, neck, and back posture, especially when working at your desk
• Avoid repetitive mouth motions, such as those used during gum chewing, smoking, or chewing on pens or pencils.

Am I at Risk

TMJ disorder occurs more frequently in women than in men.  Risk factors for TMJ disorder include:
•Poorly aligned teeth or uneven bite patterns (malocclusions)
•Stress that results in teeth grinding or jaw clenching
•Repetitive motions, such as used for gum chewing, smoking, or chewing on a pen or pencil
•Poor posture that strains the neck, shoulders, and back
•Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or other inflammatory diseases
•Jaw injury
•Joint structure abnormalities, such as disc or tendon problems
•Whiplash

Complications

TMJ disorder can lead to chronic headaches and facial pain.